ABSTRACT
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the major etiologies responsible for the acute, highly contagious disease in the digestive tract of pigs, especially neonatal piglets. Since PEDV was first identified in Europe in the late 1970s, it has resulted in significant economic losses in many Asian swine-raising countries, including China. Recently, reverse genetics techniques including targeted RNA recombination, bacteria artificial chromosome system and in vitro ligation have been successfully used to manipulate the genome of PEDV, which providing new strategies for the clear delineation of the functions of the viral proteins, the mechanisms behind PEDV pathogenesis and the design of novel vaccines against PEDV. Here, we review the progresses of different reverse genetics platforms developed for PEDV and their applications, covering the roles of trypsin in PEDV propagation, functions of S and ORF3 protein and the development of next generation PED vaccines, and the perspectives of reverse genetics for PEDV.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate clinical first selected method on the differential diagnosis at early stage between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) and cervical spondylosis.Methods The clinical features and EMG in 53 patients with ALS,14 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy(CSM) and 23 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR) were analysed.And then the value of ratio of every probability was calculated.According to the value of ratio, the clinical features and EMG were compared in differential dia gnosis.Results A multiprogram that consisted of high multiple clinical features was used in differential diagnosis, true positive rate is 98%, and true negative rate is 86.5%,EMG still couldn't be used in the differential diagnosis.Conclusion The program is the first selected method, which can be used in the differential diagnosis between ALS and CSM/CSR.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the characteristics of suicides treated in the emergency department of a large general hospital in China, so as to provide relevant data for preventing suicide. Methods:Study the records of 183 suicides in the emergency department of XuanWu hospital during Jan 1st to Dec 31 of 2004. Result:Among all suicide cases, young people (aged 20 to 29 years) were the most (81cases, 44.3%); Females (n=147) outnumbered males (n=36, f:m=4.1:1); 170 (92.8%) cases had ingested poisons, among them, 119 used hypnotics or pesticides. The mortality was 3.3% (6/183), that of males (3/36=8.33%) was much higher than that of females (3/147=2.04%); Most of suicides happened during 18 to 24 o'clock(71cases, 38.8%)(P